Algeria (Ale Jazer), Algeria

  The capital of Algeria is an ancient city Algeria (the Arab. Al-Jazzier), stretched by an amphitheater on the hills at the same bay. It is the economic and cultural center of country, a port on Mediterranean Sea, and also an administrative centre of village Algeria. The population of the city is 3702000 inhabitants (together with suburbs).
Algeria has been founded by Berbers in the Xth century at the place of the rests of small Roman settlement Ikosium. Within the next five centuries the control over city many times passed from hands to hands. The strategic position of Algeria in a convenient bay on the Mediterranean Sea has made it a subject of claims of Europeans, Berbers and Arabs. In the beginning of the XVIth century the Algerians were united with Ottoman Empire and have superseded Spanish colonists. During the following 300 years the port ministered as a haven for the pirates keeping in fear the entire Mediterranean region.

To finish with robberies military fleet of Netherlands, the Great Britain, Spain and the United States have made attempt of storm of city. The piracy managed to be stopped, when in 1830 the city has become an administrative centre of the French colony Algeria. In 1962 country has received independence and Algeria has been appointed as its capital.
The city is divided into two parts: the upper and inferior city. The inferior city - a modern part of capital constructed by the Frenchmen with wide parkways, theatres, churches, museums, opera theatre and numerous high schools, among which Algerian university and some Muslim educational institutions. The majority of buildings here are constructed from the light building timber giving to city a festive kind.

In an old part of the city with freakish disorder of narrow twisting streets and one-stored houses with flat roofs, harmonious mosques and other buildings in East style an original Turkish strong fortress Casaba (the XVIth century) giving a name to all the quarter dominates. Among other monuments such as mosque - tomb of Sidd Abdurrahman constructed in the XVIIth century and mosque Djami-al-Djadid, the big mosque (1096) with a minaret (1323) are known.
In Algeria the mechanical engineering, alimentary, textile, chemical, oil refining industries are advanced. The port of city is a main fuel station for all sea transport of the region. There are an international airport and underground.